What distinguishes the cloisonne technique from other methods?

The cloisonné technique is distinguished by its use of thin gold or metal wires to create individual compartments, or "cloisons," on a substrate where various colored enamels can be filled. This method allows for precise control over the placement and interaction of colors within each cell, resulting in vibrant and detailed designs. Once the wires are arranged and the enamel is added, the piece is often fired to fuse the materials together, creating a finished product that is both durable and visually striking.

In contrast, the other techniques mentioned do not define cloisonné. For instance, carving out a base substrate typically refers to different methods of working with materials rather than the specific compartmentalization found in cloisonné. Mixing enamels with oil is not a characteristic of cloisonné, as enamels are usually applied in a powdered form and then fired. Lastly, the firing process after each color application is a feature common in many enameling techniques, but cloisonné is more defined by its unique approach to creating separations with wires for the application of enamel. This combination of elements underscores cloisonné's distinctiveness in the realm of decorative arts and enameling.